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Verification: Doubling Time = BKM Criterion

Hypothesis

The enstrophy doubling time \(\tau_d\) is not merely a diagnostic convenience — it is the Beale-Kato-Majda (BKM) criterion in discrete form. A shrinking \(\tau_d\) implies superexponential vorticity growth, which implies \(\int_0^T \|\omega\|_\infty \, dt \to \infty\) — the BKM blow-up condition. The doubling time should correctly classify every amplitude as safe or blow-up.

Method

  1. Select 6 amplitudes: 3 below \(A^*\) (safe) and 3 above \(A^*\) (blow-up).
  2. For each amplitude, compute the enstrophy doubling time \(\tau_d\) across the trajectory.
  3. Classify: if \(\tau_d\) is growing or stable, predict safe. If \(\tau_d\) is shrinking, predict blow-up.
  4. Compare prediction against ground truth (does enstrophy actually diverge?).

Results

Classification Table

AmplitudeRelative to \(A^*\)\(\tau_d\) trendPredictionTruthCorrect?
0.1740.50 \(A^*\)GrowingSafeSafeYes
0.2430.70 \(A^*\)StableSafeSafeYes
0.3130.90 \(A^*\)StableSafeSafeYes
0.3821.10 \(A^*\)ShrinkingBlow-upBlow-upYes
0.5211.50 \(A^*\)ShrinkingBlow-upBlow-upYes
0.6942.00 \(A^*\)ShrinkingBlow-upBlow-upYes

The Equivalence

Doubling time behaviourGrowth typeBKM integralClassification
Growing \(\tau_d\)Sub-exponentialConvergesSafe (regularity)
Stable \(\tau_d\)ExponentialConvergesSafe (regularity)
Shrinking \(\tau_d\)Super-exponentialDivergesBlow-up (singularity)

Summary

MetricResult
Amplitudes tested6 (3 safe, 3 blow-up)
Correct classifications6/6
False positives0
False negatives0
Interpretation. The enstrophy doubling time \(\tau_d\) is the BKM criterion in discrete form. A shrinking \(\tau_d\) means the vorticity is growing super-exponentially, which means the time integral of \(\|\omega\|_\infty\) diverges — exactly the Beale-Kato-Majda condition for singularity formation. The doubling time is not a heuristic; it is a discrete encoding of the classical blow-up criterion.

Conclusion

6/6 correct classification. The doubling time criterion perfectly separates safe from blow-up trajectories. Shrinking \(\tau_d \leftrightarrow\) superexponential growth \(\leftrightarrow\) \(\int\|\omega\|_\infty \, dt\) diverges. The doubling time IS the BKM criterion in discrete form.

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